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Today, treatment for back pain is active rather than passive

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Lower Back Support
Training Tips for Lower Back

    You don't want awesome abs in exchange for awesome lower back pain. I have seen people perform bizarre exercises in the gym in an attempt to achieve the former. One young man actually placed a twenty five-pound plate on his face while he performed sit-ups. His nose, protruding through the hold in the middle of the plate, allowed him to breathe. While his enthusiasm is laudable, the result is not. Doing hundreds of crunches a day may be harmful to the back. Crunching forward forces the annulus of lower back disks into your spinal nerve, which can ultimately cause pain. Lower back pain can originate from a weakness in your abdominals or your lower back muscles. It may be due to a tightness in your hamstrings or hip flexors. Or you might have a structural problem (e.g., scoliosis, no curve, or bone degeneration). Screenings such as trunk and hamstring flexibility tests and bent knee curl-up tests can help to determine the source of the problem. A leg length discrepancy can also cause pain on one side of your back.

Good posture while sitting and bad posture while standing could be an indication of leg length problems as well. Whatever the cause, back pain is treated differently now than it was twenty years ago. Our grandparents hurt their back and went to bed. Doctors prescribed bed rest and narcotic pain killers. This gradually lead to strength, endurance, and muscle loss. Recent research has demonstrated that prolonged bed rest provides no benefit, and can even hinder recovery.  Specifically, one study has shown that 186 patients given 2 days of bed rest recovered at a slower rate than a control group which continued with their day-to-day activities. A vicious cycle occurs when you injure your back. You lie down in bed. Your muscle atrophy. The connective tissues and muscles in your back shorten. Your aerobic fitness deteriorates. When your aerobic level decreases your pain levels increase.

A study of 1,652 firefighters in Los Angeles revealed that back injuries were 10 times higher among those who were least aerobically fit. Today, treatment for back pain is active rather than passive. The goal is to improve function quickly, before muscles can atrophy and tighten. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)  are recommended for cute pain and inflammation. But these drugs should not be relied upon for more than 12 weeks because of possible harmful side effects. The reason for active recovery is simple. The disks in your spine are collagen packets filled with fluid. They are fed by solute transported during your normal activities. Simply moving around pumps liquid through your disks; it keeps them hydrated. if you lie flat on your back for an extended period of time, you cut off the flow of nourishment to them. This is why immobility increases back pain in the long run.
 
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Rather than waiting for back pain to occur, you should to be proactive in preventing it. test the balance of strength between your lower back and abdominal muscles by performing the following exercise. Lie on your back and keep your lower back flat while you extend your legs up toward the ceiling. Slowly drop your legs attempting to hold your lower back flat to the floor. If you can pull this off, your abdominals are strong enough to counter the pull from your hip flexors. One lasting solution to back pain may be resistance training. Weight training helps to decrease fat around your middle. Less fat on your tummy places less stress on your lumbar spine. Further, when you pump iron, you increase your level of endorphins. Endorphins are pain-relieving chemicals released in your brain when you train. These chemicals provide a "natural high" which alters your perception of pain and helps decrease anxiety and depression. Stretching and strengthening muscles in your trunk reduces the risk of having another acute attack of back pain. Your main goal of weight training should be to balance the strength between your abdominal muscles and your back muscles. If your back hurts when you perform crunches or hyperextensions, simply perform isometrics. Isometrics allow you to contract muscles without moving them. Sit back so that your lower back is flat against your chair. Notice that as you flattened your back, your abdominals isometrically contracted. You can do the same for your back muscles by lying on your stomach. Raise your right arm out to the front and your left to the back. Switch arms and legs. Then raise both arms and both legs simultaneously. If these exercises are painful. limit the range of motion, but continue to contract the muscles. Crunch-type exercises are contraindicated for people with bulging disks. Each time you flex your spine you may be pressing your disk against the spinal nerve, increasing pain. Therefore, if you are diagnosed with a disk problem, concentrated on extension movements. After several months of stretching and strengthening, there should be some remission of pain. If not, mind.body stress management techniques may be an option. Clinical depression and high levels of anxiety may contribute to low back pain. Surgery is a last resort and should only be considered only after conservative measures have been exhausted. Statistically, only 1% of back pain cases require surgery.    

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1. Stand comfortably with a slight arch in your lower back. Keep your abdominal muscles firm and breathe form your diaphragm
2. Warm up before you perform any vigorous exercise.
3. You May feel slight discomfort as you train. If you feel a sharp pain in your lower back, you are pushing too hard
 
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Abdominal Support
    The Location and design of your abdominal muscles affect their function. Lying on your back doing sit-ups strengthen your hip flexors and rectus abdominis (a.k.a. "six pack"). But sit-ups do little to equalize the strength in your oblique and back. Humans stand in an upright posture. Your abdominal muscles stabilize your movement. For example, stand and place your hands around your wrist. Move in any direction. You do not have to move far before you feel your abdominals brace your effort. Train your abdominals with crunches. And practice contracting them during your normal, upright posture. Why? Because most of your daily activities are performed while standing or seated. Electromyography studies demonstrate that your obliques (side of your stomach muscles) are active when you are standing. Work to improve the balance and strength of your trunk. Build your back and abdominal muscles from the inside out. Rather than just worrying about a "six pack," train your core for internal stability.
 

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The safest position for your lower back is a neutral spine. Neutral simply refers to a slight curve in your lower back. A neutral spine places the least amount of pressure on your disks, ligaments, and bones. You can absorb impact better. Excessive arching and flattening of your back stresses your spinal disks. This can lead to nerve root irritation, degeneration of the vertebra, and herniated discs. Chronic pain may be caused by gravity pulling you out of alignment while you are sitting or standing. Be sure to develop a strong midsection, but not at the expense of a painful back. Crunches performed with a flat back are effective, but make sure you return to a neutral position after each repetition to maintain functional stability. When you perform your crunches, pay attention to your spine. Contract your stabilizers and stay in neutral. Although neutral is best, it is often difficult to maintain. In minutes, gravity and a variety of other factors pull you out of your perfect alignment. It takes practice and muscular endurance to stay in neutral. Try spending 5 minutes in neutral. Add 2 minutes a week until you can sit through your favorite sitcom in neutral. Practice your neutral spine while sitting, standing, and exercising. While reading, think "posture." Adjust your spine into pelvic neutrality. Notice how healthy it feels to release unwanted tension. Think of your torso as the connection between your upper and lower limbs when you train. Synergy between body parts provides stability. A powerful core allows you to train your entire physique with less likelihood of injury. Acute back injuries occur from failing to stabilize your torso when you are trying to move heavy objects. Your goal is not absolute abdominal strength. You probably do not plan to enter a sit-up contest bearing a 100-pound weight on your chest. And when was the last time you tossed a 50 pound Frisbee? Instead, you should emphasize endurance. After all, you need to rely on torso endurance to train with weights for two hours.    
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1. Do contract your abdominal muscles
2. Don't hold your breath
3. Don't arch your back too much
4. Don't pull on your neck
5. Do use slow and controlled movements
6. Don't swing your legs
7. Don't continue repetitions if you lose your form
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